Eye on Science, Science Blog, Michael D. Lemonick, TIME

Kids, Antidepressants and Suicide

The controversy over whether children and teenagers should take antidepressants has been simmering for several years now—as you'll see in stories here, here and here. Several studies have shown that a small number of young people develop suicidal thoughts when on the drugs; as a result, the FDA has asked the makers of antidepressants to put warning labels on their products.

But suicide is also an all-too-frequent outcome of untreated depression—which puts the parents of depressed kids in a terrible position.

Now comes a new study, released minutes ago by the Journal of the American Medical Association that may help a little. In a so-called meta-analysis—an overall study of 27 individual studies—doctors at Ohio State conclude that while there is indeed a risk of suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts when kids go on these drugs, the risk is very small (there were no actual suicides in any of the studies).

The benefits, they conclude, are much greater—although interestingly, the benefits are greatest for kids with anxiety disorders, somewhat less for kids with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and least for kids with major depression.

One way to reduce the risks of antidepressants, the experts agree, is to make sure the prescribing doctor has some knowledge and experience with them. Unfortunately, the law says any medical doctor can prescribe any non-controlled medication—and a physician who's unfamiliar with antidepressants might also not know that it's really important to monitor any patient, especially a young one, in the first few weeks when the danger of increased suicidal thoughts is greatest.

Reader Comments (43)

GOD:

increasingly kids are subjected to experimental methods created by guesswork, the all knowing we know what were doing practice of poor judgement, familys used to be tight, secrets were few and parenting had an eagle eye over the mindfull needs of thease kids.....neglect is a harsh word to use but it sums up whats going on...go back to common sense deficiantcy is the key..lack of

Tera:

Increasingly the world is becoming a safer place for children with major depression and bipolar disorder. When I was a teenager, the options were Freudian therapy or being heavily drugged in a mental hospital. Either way, you lost a major chunk of your life and received limited healing in return. Now there are effective drugs available. Of course, some teenagers taking anti-depressants commit suicide. That's like saying some people undergoing chemotherapy die.

--Well, not quite. It's true that SSRI antidepressants can cause feelings of agitation and anxiety in the first couple of weeks of use, which may well explain an increase in suicidal thoughts.
M.L.

Charlotte:

I think in the case of Cho (the gunman), nothing could be done; that kid was beyond rescue. It seems like it depends on the individual. Medicine can only do so much. I have depression and I was hesitant to take drugs for it. I'd like to try alternative medicine first (therapy, herbs, vitamins, etc.); to me, antidepressants were the last resort. I'm afraid of addiction. But I might have an anxiety disorder too; now that I know there are benefits for that in antidepressants, I'm starting to reconsider my aversion to drugs. Thanks for the information.

JOTHI NARAYANAN:

ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUG -AN ITEM NEED TO BE BANNED IN OUR SOCIETY.

First of all,why we need to manufacture anti-depressant drugs in our society?In the age of
Genetically Modified Fast Food, man wants to cure all his ailments,depression etc.in the broad band speed.
What are all the causes of seeding depression in
the mind and heart of a child?Few of the root cause of a child's depression noticed by me are,
1.Eagerly awaiting child at our neighbor's home after school hours since we (husband &wife are working at different locations and see the child in sleeping state when we return from duty.This is one of the main cause of anxiety disorder in today's childhood.
2.Noticing absence of affection in parents by leaving child at hostel at young age and visiting child during vacation makes a big vacuum in child -parent relationship and hateredness toward society and the fellow children or schoolmates.
3.The sort of teasing or humiliation and lack of recognition as an equal citizen,when a student
goes for education in a developed country from a third world country.
4.In one of the projects executed by an European company in middle east a young engineer joined with us.By noticing the Europeans addressing each other by name he also addressed his boss by name.
The boss asked him to address as 'sir' like other Asians and the reason the boss is white.The Asian engineer replied to that European in a fitting manner and resigned the job.Instead of middle east,if the same incident could have occurred in a country where every one carry a pistol and the Asian is of a violent type, he must have been pushed to the state of homicide first and suicide second.
The responsibility to bring up a child without depression and to inculcate tolerance,training spiritually, to face the situation with self confidence, imparting yoga etc.are lies with parents and teachers.All these things can't be
solved /cured by anti depressant drugs.
The proven anti depressant drugs to the kids and youngsters are parental care,fraternity,yoga, personality development through pedagogy.
phoenixjn@hotmail.com

Silver.Bird.Silver.Lights:

I'm 17 and I was diagnosed with Clinical Depression two years. I was placed on a medication called Seroxat an SSRI antidepressant. I often get told to get my heads out the clouds, that its not a real disorder and I’m just being a brat and wanting an easy life. But unless you’ve been though it you don’t really understand. I was bullied at school for 9 years, they set my hair on fire, tied to the bottom of the swimming pool, violent nasty things. Eventually I ended up dropping out of school and then sinking in to depression, but never before had I ever contemplated suicide before…at least until I started taking Seroxat. A week after taking it I tried to overdose. I guess the point of this is to say that there are people with real problems and medications do help. Just Seroxat should never EVER be prescribed to anyone in my opinion, be it over the age of 18 or not.

And Re: JOTHI NARAYANAN

“The responsibility to bring up a child without depression and to inculcate tolerance, training spiritually, to face the situation with self confidence, imparting yoga etc. lies with parents and teachers All these things can't be solved /cured by anti depressant drugs.”

You parents can only do so much. Are you suggesting I blame my parents for my depression because they never gave me the self confidence or the spirituality to deal with my problems? My mother and father gave me all I needed to deal with the world, but when you suffer from depression its not something you want to broadcast – hence why I am using an alias – its not something you openly tell your parents about, your ashamed of it. You don’t want to admit it. You hide away from it. Wear a fake smile. Learn how to hide your symptoms so people around you can’t tell. Anti-depressants aren’t a cure, there an aid. They are there to help, they do not cure the condition, trust me on.

You say anti-depressants would be banned?

“AN ITEM NEED TO BE BANNED IN OUR SOCIETY.”

Tell that to the people whose lives they are helping to make better. Why don’t you take away an effective tool in helping people get their lives back on track. Its taken me two years to get my life back together. I’m at college redoing the last two years of high school so I can go to university.

I know others in my support group who will tell you the same thing.

Think about the other side of the argument before you proclaim these drugs should be banned. They are not a miracle pill that takes everything away and gives a cure to people who suffer, but it does help aid recovery. Think about it before you take that away from people.

JOTHI NARAYANAN:

Dear silver,
You are at the age of my son and hence I think I
could give a piece of advice to you.First of all
please try to find out the cause of your depression.
Really,I am feeling sorry for you to know that you are taking anti depressant at this age.Mainly I could see that the depression starts when the things are not
happening as we expect in this world.If you are very honest,talented and straight forward in your attitude your chances of facing challenges are more than the person of average trait.Our success depends on how you take the life and how you deem your deeds.I could see that the people who exercise diplomacy are often more successful.Do
accept the failure and success are the two faces of the coin in the day today life.You are at the adolescent age and the depression is a normal one at this age.
I do not know your personal history.No one on this earth could give solace and encouragement than our parents.My advice is drugs are not the solution.
Balance of mind at your age is very important.I could see that orphans who deprived of the parental touch became great citizens since they are moulded in the hands of nuns at holy cross convent.The very success of the christian educational institution is they know the technique of rearing the child as a good citizen.If it is true then why child crimes are suicides are more in America than other countries.The root cause is
man is taken over by material value.No time to build up bonds of love with children.
Instead of seeking solution to our psychological
problems by analyzing our own traits and getting advice from the experienced elderly personnel, todays youth (not all) creates their own life-matrix and act upon it.
My thanks to ML to this blog.Why do we discuss on effect of anti depressant drug.I know that one
cough expectorant makes the child violent though it gives fast remedy.Once we start depending on drug for depression then we will become slave to it as some chain smokers say that they can't carry out their duties effectively without cigarettes.
Solution to the depression is within not at doctors and chemist.phoenixjn@hotmail.com

JOTHI NARAYANAN:

Please read as,'If t is true why child crimes and
suicides are more in .... than other countries.
phoenixjn@hotmail.com

JOTHI NARAYANAN:

Dear Silver,
Again I read your reply.Bullying at school is really
a big problem now a days.I make a request through this blog to UNO to classify bullying,ragging a student by another not as a juvenile crime but as
a behavior calls for rigorous punishment.Bullying
at school and provoking at job location and exploitation if you are a female child are the social evils we have to fight with boldness.I am not sure that you discussed about your bullying at school with your parents at the age of nine.I feel that you could have changed the institution instead of going through the turmoil you underwent.Many children from the west are now looking forward and receiving education at oriental institutions instead of western countries due to the same problem.There is no use in hiding or feeling shame to
tell your personal problems or the reason for depression to your parents.See the life of Mr.Clinton.He subjected himself for the trial and the entire world watched his live trial on his personal affair.What a great personality! After admitting the mistakes he committed ,his popularity went up like anything.I am sure that
Clinton did not take any anti depressant drug due the trial and mudslinging he underwent during his tenure as a President.Take the leaf from other's life and try to know your strength and weakness.
Try to face the real situation and take a cool decision. Do not take a decision to have anti depressant drug when you have depression and try to overcome this situation without it.Now at 17 you can have better equipoise of mind than at 9.
Best of luck.I pray for you.phoenixjn@hotmil.com

Hello:

I find this article very interesting due to the impact anti-depressant and anti-anxiety medications have in the society.

My idea is that doctors are constantly confusing depression with anxiety.

Sometimes a patient who suffers from anxiety disorder is given anti-depression medication which accelerates his symptoms instead of alleviating them.

This can sometimes prove fatal and drive the patient to commit either homicide or suicide.

On the other hand, sometimes patients who suffer from depression are given anti-anxiety medications which exacerbates their depression and may force them to commit suicide.

My understanding is that the problem is not the medication.

The problem is from wrong diagnosis and taking the wrong medication.

If a patient who suffers from anxiety is correctly diagnosed and given anti-anxiety medication, most likely, he will improve.

The same goes for a patient who suffers from depression.

The right medication should be anti-depressant.

But all over across America, psychiatrists don’t care about the line which separates the two kinds of maladies and often mix them up and so create the fatal result we sometimes see such as murders, suicides and homicides and other adverse reactions and their consequences.

Ikey Benney

GOD:

32 dead neglect says it all...

Silver.Bird.Silver.Lights:

Re:JOTHI NARAYANAN

I'm glad you hold such a view against bullying. I'm afraid not many Scots share your view. Bully here is seen as an almost ritual "everyone goes though it" schools refuse to admit they have a problem and there is. When you say "I'm being bullied" people think they mean name calling, when really it's far more cruel and malicious then they want to believe. My High School especially was very reluctant to accept it, they tell kids; “what did you do to cause it?” When they punished the bullies it only came back on the victim worse.

In my honest opinion it should be dealt with by the police and not the school, it is after all a criminal offence. If they knocked kids back in to place then maybe we wouldn’t have a society full of hate and violence.

Bullying is a major cause of depression and anxiety in young adults. At least from what I have seen.

I agree that a right mindset is a good way to deal with it, along with proper counseling and an approach to working though it.

Though I think it is unfair to say this approach will work for everyone.

Everyone is different, hence so is everyone’s problems. What needs to be done is more personalization of treatment and patients to be treated and approached as an individual.

ama:

"I often get told to get my heads out the clouds, that its not a real disorder and I’m just being a brat and wanting an easy life."

Whoever told you that, Silver, knows little. Ignore such comments like that if you can.

"Bullying is a major cause of depression and anxiety in young adults. At least from what I have seen."

Indeed! Those who bully have their own major psychological problems and inflict much physical and/or psychological mayhem on their targets/victims.

I can't begin to imagine how I would have dealt with the bullying you endured. That you are still with us speaks well of your abilities to cope in the best way you knew how.

Silver, I wish you the very best as you deal with your depression, and please keep in mind that there are concerned and kind people who do care and are there to help and who do not blame the patient for their own ills. Unfortunately, there is also a large percentage of the population who seem to delight in dealing misery to others; run from such people. Seek solace and comfort among the kinder among us.

Do NOT hide your dark feelings from those who love you. Let your parents and doctors know when or if the darkness becomes darker.

May a bright or silver light come back into your life and remain.

Silver.Bird.Silver.Lights:

re: Ama.

Thank you ~

ama:

Silver,
Thanks for reply.

I'm pleased to know that you have a new view on life and that you are headed in a positive direction with a "firm circle of friends and people" to help you.

I don't know what kinds of facilities are available in your area, but here we have a "Help Line"--a telephone number that people in immediate need can call. Perhaps, volunteering--if time permits--could be your way of helping others in need.

Again, my very best to you!

JOTHI NARAYANAN:

Dear silver,
Happy to know that you are getting support from many readers of this blog.Today,an engineering student in
Hyderabad in INDIA shot his classmate.Unconfirmed sources say that it is due to ragging.It is another type of bullying new comers by senior students in the name of introduction.It was an enjoyable affair once but an horrifying experience today.As per law, it is banned in India.Every nation has good and bad personnel.Strict law,implementation without fear and cooperation by people will eradicate these type of problem.I have good Scottish and French friends.The reference about the incident of my friend (in my first piece)who had a problem with his boss is a
French.Some problems are universal irrespective of country and people.phoenixjn@hotmail.com

JOTHI NARAYANAN:

Dear ML,
Today we have two shooting incidents one in AN ENGINEERING COLLEGE IN Hyderabad IN INDIA and the other in NASA SPACE CENTER in US.At both locations
some are highly depressed.Is it due to lack of recognition in their institutes to the personnel who did shooting?We will wait for the investigation report.phoenixjn@hotmail.com

been there:

There is a major flaw in the argument that those who are depressed must seek out the cause of the depression and fix it rather than relying on medications. Many individuals in severe, clinical depression, cannot function well enough to manage the simplest aspects of daily life. Undertaking the sort of major life change needed to "fix" any root causes is simply not within their abilities at that time. Medication may provide the needed boost to get them to a place where they can begin to work on a solution.

Of course the medications will not work for all and some will suffer negative side effects. This is true of all medications. However, IMO, it is cruel and inhumane to deny the potential for help to people suffering desperately.

JOTHI NARAYANAN:

Giving anti-depressant drugs is only a temporary measure but it is our prime duty to find out the root cause and buildup the strong mind and conducive atmosphere to the depressed is the permanent solution.Personalities like Ravi sankar,yoga experts etc are the frequent invitees to many educational institutions today in order to buildup a strong mental
fabric to children at the right age to face situation with confidence tomorrow.In the case of
Silver,the permanent solution is to stop bullying Silver by other students by the school management or
Silver should have been changed to another institution by his parents.Instead of these two he
had been subjected to constant bullying and treatment with anti-depressant drugs.Leave Silver,
why many highly qualified physicians are
recommending children to spiritual rejuvenation training courses,yoga classes etc.though they treat with anti-depressant drugs at initial stage.
Finding the root cause is the fact finding scientific approach to any problem and not a subject for argument.phoenixjn@hotmail.com

NANDLAL K PANCHOLI:

Many issues have been overlpped here and as a result digressions have taken place so I would like to bring the discussion on right track.The basic questions are:

1 Should children be allowed to take anti-depressants?
2 Do anti-depressants trigger and encourage suicidal tendency among children?
3 Should children be not prescribed anti-depressants even if it needs to be prescribed to control depression in children?

4 If anti-depressants are contra-indicated for children suffering from depression is there any equally powerful alternative treatment which can replace anti-depressants?

5 Patients of depression have suicidal tendency and if left alone,they often commit suicide.What is the role of anti-depressants in controlling suicidal tendencies in patients of depression?Do anti-depressants encourage suicidal tendencies or they keep them under check?

What is the role of administration of mild ECT(Electroconvulsive shock Therapy) in overcoming depression? A couple of decades ago mild ECT administration was the treatment of choice for depression and it used to be preferred when anti-depressants failed.Of late why ECT Therapy has been discarded?Is it because of social stigma attached to it or because of some other reasons.It is stated in medical textbooks that mild ECT administration has 99% success rate in depression.Considering this why not to revive ECT to save thousands of people from depression and impending danger of suicide?

Anti-depressants like Immipramin Hydrochloride and other MAOI Inhibitors which have high success rate in tackling depression are still in vogue or have they been discarded?

If bullying and ragging in schools is the major cause depression among children how it can be tackled effectively?

Has psychotherapy,counselling and Freud's modified version of psycho-analysis in any way useful in tackling depression?

It is a fact that patients of depressions feel better in groups but feel worse when alone?On the basis of this can't we develop a group therapy for the patients of depression?

What are the classical symptoms of depression and how does depression differ from OCD(Obsessive Compulsive disorder?} What is the role of hypnotherapy in depression?

What is the depression between Exogenous and Endogenous depression?Can suppressed thoughts of painful experiences in subconscious be released by taking the patient into a hypnotic trance?

NANDLAL K PANCHOLI
309,NANUBHAI TOWERS
MAHESANA NAGAR
OPPO.GARBA GROUND
BARODA-390002

EMAIL :ayurcure@yahoo.com
phone:091-0265-3919627

JOTHI NARAYANAN:

Dear Nandlal,
My appreciation and thanks to you for expressing your opinion without any hesitation and particularly
you have gone one step further by giving your postal address along with e-mail address proving that you did not hide under the vague name like
'posted by GOD' and 'posted by been there' etc.
phoenixjn@hotmail.com

JOTHI NARAYANAN:

Dear Nandlal,
Sine you opened the subject in a medical way I try to put few questions.
Reactive depression-Occurs as a reaction to stress.
It is neurotic type.
Endogenous depression arises spontaneously in the mind.It is psychotic type.The symptoms of both types
refer,head aches,exhaustion,anorexia,irritability,loss of interest,impaired concentration,feelings that life is not worth living and SUICIDAL THOUGHTS.
Involution DEPRESSION-occurring at the climacteric.
Did you come across any other type of depression ?
Just imagine that if a person is already having a suicidal thought due to above depressions and the physician suggested an anti-depressant that can trigger the suicidal thought,I believe that would definitely result in actual suicide.
I am sure that a good physician would confirm the type of depression the patient is undergoing prior to recommend the anti-depressant drug.To confirm the type of depression a good physician has to find out the root cause of the depression.
phoenixjn@hotmail.com

Silver.Bird.Silver.Lights:

Btw he is a she people xDD I'm a girl

NANDLAL K PANCHOLI:

respected Jothi Narayanan,

Thank you for your scholarly reply.

Nandlal K Pancholi

GOD:

jothi....shall i put a bright neon signe above my door for thee .no media ,no restrictions ,no guards ....thanks but i love the norm priceless

GOD:

here have an email address you can,t do much damage with that i guess tenshadesofdeath@yahoo.com

Dear ML,
Today we have two shooting incidents one in AN ENGINEERING COLLEGE IN Hyderabad IN INDIA and the other in NASA SPACE CENTER in US.At both locations
some are highly depressed.Is it due to lack of recognition in their institutes to the personnel who did shooting?We will wait for the investigation report.phoenixjn@hotmail.com
Alternative Medicine

Barb Cothran:

This is for Charlotte. If you want to use herbals instead of prescription meds, you might want to try SAM-e, which is a supplement available in drug & grocery stores (in the U.S., anyway). It's kind of expensive but it seems to do the same thing that antidepressants do, which, in my case, was to make me feel alert yet calm, even if I didn't get enough sleep the night before.
I now take Lexapro instead & had to start with a quarter of the prescribed dose & am still not up to the full dose after many many months. I think some people need to take a lower dose at first, or else the medication can have the opposite effect of what it's supposed to have. But the SAME-e you can start right away with the full dose, it seems to be milder than the Lexapro but does similar things. It might not even say on the package that it's for anxiety or depression but it really can help with these problems. You may experience it working one day & not the next for awhile until your body has enough of it stored up for it to work all the time. This would be the same with most or all antidepressants too.

Good luck, Charlotte, & let me know if I can be of any help to you.

Barb Cothran

NANDLAL K PANCHOLI:

It is very important to make extensive research on etiology of depression because incidence of depression is very high.Many patients cut short their lives while under treatment.Usually a trauma caused by big financial loss or death of near relative triggers the onset of depression however plethora of other factors can also be responsible for it.It is found that psychotherapy is not very useful in depression.It is important that patients of severe depression should be hospitalised at the earliest and kept under observation to thwart their efforts to commit suicide.Thogh it is generally held that depression is a functional disorder and falls under the category of neurotic disorders .Are there any factors related to organic disorder involved in the making of depression.

Elisabeth:

As someone who has suffered from depression for the majority of my life, I have to ask the question: is it possible the medication they take doesn't necessarily INCREASE the odds of suicide? That it is merely ineffective, leading the child to feel even more hopeless, knowing that he is on medication but still not feeling better?
When I was first diagnosed with depression, at age 15, I was given Zoloft by a pediatrician and basically shoved out the door. The doctor saw me once 6 months later and when I told her I still felt depressed she simply upped my dosage without asking questions. I felt hopeless, wondering why I wasn't feeling better even with medication. I finally got an appointment with a psychiatrist a year later and he explained that medications, especially ones that affect you emotionally, incite different reactions in different people. What works for someone might not work for another. He prescribed Lexapro and counseling sessions and checked up on me 4 times for the rest of the year to see that I had made progress. In my opinion, it takes a combination of things to get back on track: a good doctor, the right medication, and emotional counseling.

Elisabeth:

To Silver:
I'm sorry about your bad experience on anti-depressants and I think you and I are in the same boat, even though I could never understand what you are personally going through.
I have a couple questions. You said you tried to overdose after a week of taking your medication; however, most anti-depressants take several weeks to reach full-effectiveness. My doctors told me I shouldn't expect to feel any different for at least two weeks after beginning to take the pills. I assume that's because it takes awhile for your body to get accustomed to it instead of rejecting it, but I could be wrong. Of course I do not doubt you when you say you believe the medication induced your feelings of suicide, but I have to wonder if the medication was even effective at that time?
Also, have you tried other medications since then? If you are still having problems (you seem to be doing much better) then maybe you should talk to a psychiatrist, as I did, about seeking a different type of medicine, or, as someone else suggested, alternative forms of treatment such as herbal supplements and counseling. Like I said in my previous article, medication that works for one person might not work at all for another - it depends on the person and the chemistry of their brain.
What bothers me is when people expect you to snap out of it by changing the way you think. To many (including lots of people near and dear to me), depression is something you can "will" away if you're a strong enough person. That is simply not true. It's debilitating and for some, impossible to overcome without help of some form.
I hope you are doing better and if you have any questions, please feel free to email me at ballaerina@yahoo.com.

jiggy with ugly people:

my opion to suicide is widly ranged.
i can understand how they can kill themselves
but then i cannot understand how the child will limit the rest of their life.
many of the suicides are due to bullying.
a form of death that needs to be stoped!


thanks for your time
i love born

brg8:

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