The Middle East Blog, TIME

Is This the Start of the Next Lebanese Civil War?

beirutclashes03.jpg
A Shia militant dressed as a police officer fires into a Sunni neighborhood/Photo by Pasqual Gorriz

The barricades have spread. The airport is blocked. Rolling gunfights and sporadic rocket fire have sent the residents of Beirut to the cash machines and grocery stores to prepare for the worst. But the most telling sign that the second day of violent clashes between supporters of Lebanon's American-backed government and the Iranian and Syrian-backed opposition is moving towards civil war came from a speech from Hizballah chief Hassan Nasrallah, the leader of the opposition. Nasrallah said that a recent government decision to shut down Hizballah's private communications network amounted to an act of war.

Hizballah views its communications network as an important weapon in its military struggle against Israel. (See Nick Blanford's story from yesterday "Cell Phone Civil War"). Today, Nasrallah, who in the past has said that Hizballah's weapons are only for use against Israel, ominously declared that his forces would fight an internal battle against the government if it didn't reverse its decisions to shut the mobile phone network and to remove the head of the airport, whom the government suspects of pro-opposition sympathies. Nasrallah accused the government of trying to do Israel's dirty work by disarming Hizaballah, and of trying to turn the airport into a base for the Mossad and CIA.

Just why the government chose this particular moment to move against Hizballah's infrastructure remains unclear. Hizballah, which fought Israel to a stand-still in the summer war of 2006, is much stronger and better organized than government forces, and is certain to win any confrontation. Still, Hizballah would have much to lose in an open civil war. Not only would the chaos distract them from the far more dangerous struggle with Israel, but it could also help radical Al-Qaeda affiliated Sunni jihadi groups infiltrate Lebanon.

So far there is no word yet of casualties from the clashes, which are being fought mainly by rival street gangs in areas of west and central Beirut where Shia and Sunni neighborhoods meet. Because Lebanon's constitution divides power among the country's main religious groups, Lebanon's political stand-off has devolved into a sectarian one, with the main action pitting Muslims against Muslims, mirroring regional tension as a whole.

Which may limit the Lebanese governments ability to back down from a fight it cannot win. The officials who moved against the Hizballah network are known to coordinate their actions with the United States, and the Bush administration may be digging in its heels into Lebanon while its days in office are on the wane.


beirutclashesbybike.jpg
Photo by Pasqual Gorriz

--Andrew Lee Butters/Beirut

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Reader Comments (12)

Carlos:

I hope now the whole world will understand what Hizballah is all about: power and influence, not protection of Palestinians or a counterbalance to Israeli aggression. If Hizballah actually adhered to its original purpose, it would have disbanded after Israel withdrew from Lebanon, or at least become a National Guard-type organization, instead of becoming a political party cum army with National Guard-type elements. Two summers ago, Hizballah decided to "protect" Lebanon from Israeli aggression by invading Israel and kidnapping soldiers. To the joy of many "protected" Lebanese, Israeli reacted forcefully even if it didn't obtain its object. Now Hizballah decides to "protect" Lebanon by shooting Lebanese because the Lebanese government wants to disable Hizballah's communication network. Certainly the desctruction of fiber optic cable is worth killing someone over, right? Especially if that someone is a Lebanese citizen who doesn't know what's good for him, i.e., protection by Hizballah against Israeli aggression. Hizballah's real goals are to become the ruling party of Lebanon, implement whatever absurd Islamic code of civil obedience it comes up with, and then menace Israel with the aid of Syria and Iran. What a joke. Hizballah is a farce. And to those who mention the good deeds Hizballah does for the disenfrachised in southern Lebanon, I ask, do you need guns and rockets to deliver bread and health care?

jason:

Lebanon made a deal with the devil
(Hezbullah) , now there will be hell to pay.

jason:

Amazing! The sides fight and the Lebanon army just spectates.

Jacob Blues:

Jasaon, the army spectates for several reasons, not the least of which, its not able to handle a toe-to-toe fight with Hizballah.

Second, is the makeup of the forces, which contain a large percentage of shia. In a direct secretarian conflict, these people are going to be shooting at their own. That's not going to happen.

What is interesting is how valauable Nassrallah believes this phone network is. Or, its the excuse he's been waiting for to open a frontal attack on his opponents.

Which, given the power disparity, really does raise the question why the Lebanese government, such as it is, decided to cross this trip wire at this time.

Hizballah has been the only active militia in Lebanon for the past 28 years. It's armed by Iran with front line weaponry, including military rockets and long range missiles, and training.

A direct confrontation with Hizballah is going to be ugly unless the anti-Syrian forces have been building their strength behind closed doors.

Malcolm:

One thing that makes it particularly hard for the (non-Hizballah part of the) Lebanese govt is that it is so divided: Many Christian factions are allied with Hizballah. If the Sunnis, Christians, and Druze united, they would significantly outnumber the Shia, but they don't.

Ffred:

HZB just looking for an excuse? Perhaps the govt's snipe against the network is just the camel's straw. I don't condone the current violence, but the way things have been gridlocked for months now must be pretty darn frustrating.

nk+:

Hezbollah takes over West Beirut...
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7391600.stm

Hope you and your colleagues are safe in the midst of this violence, Andrew.

Avi:

Hizbullah are fakers.

A good, quick synopsis of the events:

http://www.commentarymagazine.com/blogs/index.php/category/contentions

rutgurt:

Carlos, you forget a few things. Nasrallah has clearly and openly stated before that if he knew Israel would react in such a way to kidnapping those soldiers, he would never have had Hezballah conduct such an operation.

You also forget that Israel has thousands of Lebanese prisoners still, including many Hezballah personnel and many Shiites.

You also dont mention that Israel withdrew from MOST of southern Lebanon, but not all of it.

You also show clearly that you do not understand Hezballah and seem to be making the mistake of most westerners in thinking all Islamist groups are the same. I hardly think Hezballah is so concerned with forcing Islamic Shariah on everyone in Lebanon, etc etc etc. If you have been to Lebanon, even Shiite Muslims in the south are quite liberal. Its not an extremely conservative country. Many people in Lebanon who support Hezballah are not all that religious. I would say they are pretty moderate compared to many other Islamist groups, so you should not jump to conclusions so quickly.

"And to those who mention the good deeds Hizballah does for the disenfrachised in southern Lebanon, I ask, do you need guns and rockets to deliver bread and health care?"

-I am sorry, but right there clearly shows you have no idea what your talking about. Hezballah have provided os much benefits and aid money to their people. They even agreed to pay the rent for up to 1 whole year for anyone whose homes have been destroyed by Israel. Hezballah are not stupid. They know how to ingrain themself in society. They are not just about guns and war. Hezballah has even organized and run anti-globalization conerences. They are a network thats more than just a militia with a few representatives in parliment. Quit being so one sided

Gabistan:

hopefully the world will let them fight it out on their own, if the fighting continues. intervention from anyone... syrian, iran, the US, Israel... will only cause more bloodshed. better to be brother vs. brother.

Nathan W.:

I agree, Jacob. I am confused at the timing by Lebanon's government when they clearly can't back this up militarily.

Jacob Blues:

Rutgurt,

Nassrallah's mea-culpa about launching the 2006 war would be similar to President "W" Bush's comments about invading Iraq (if he ever uttered such a thing).

Saying you wouldn't do something stupid that would endanger the lives of your own people after the fact is meaningless. "Oh cr*p, you mean that if we did that we'd get into a down and out nasty fight we weren't planning on? Oh wow I guess I wouldn't have done that then. When people's lives are on the line, you would expect the people at the top to do better than that.

For the record, prior to 2006, Israel didn't have thousands of Lebanese prisoners, in fact, you're talking less than a handful, the most notorious of which was Samir Kuntar, who's sitting in prison, convicted of murdering a four-year old girl by bashing her skull in with a rock after watching him kill her father. Post 2006 war, you're talking about a dozen POW's.

As for withdrawing from Lebanon, Israel pulled back to the UN demarcated blue line, a move approved by the United Nations for those who always complain about Israel deserving the violence used against its citizens because it doesn't adhere to UN resolutions.

Hizballah, is a proxy army for Iran. The funds that it receives comes from Tehran, as does the arms, and training.

As for their representation in Parliment, well, after this past weekend, we see how well the organization holds to the idea of peaceful government. What we're witnessing is a coup as Hizballah uses its military superiority on its rival political groups.

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About The Middle East Blog

Tim McGirk

Tim McGirk, TIME's Jerusalem Bureau Chief, arrived in the Middle East after covering Iraq, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Read more


Scott MacLeod

Scott MacLeod, TIME's Cairo Bureau Chief since 1998, has covered the Middle East and Africa for the magazine for 22 years. Read more


Andrew Lee Butters

Andrew Lee Butters moved to Beirut in 2003, and began working for TIME in Iraq during the Fallujah uprising of 2004. Read more


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